Pumice ma ọ bụ pumice bụ ụdị okwute na-acha ọkụ na agba, nwere ụfụfụ nke afụ nwere mgbidi nwere mgbidi, ma a na-akpọkarị ya dị ka iko ugwu mgbawa silicate.
A na-emepụta nkume ndị a site na magma acidic site n’omume mgbawa ugwu na-ebupụ ihe n’ime ikuku; wee banye n’ụzọ kwụ ọtọ ma gbakọta dị ka nkume pyroclastic.
Pumice nwere ihe ndị dị elu nke versicular, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke mkpụrụ ndụ (ihe owuwu cellular) n’ihi mgbasawanye nke ụfụfụ gas nke dị n’ime ya, a na-ahụkarị ya dị ka ihe rụrụ arụ ma ọ bụ iberibe na mgbawa ugwu. Ọ bụ ezie na mineral ndị dị na pumice bụ feldspar, quartz, obsidian, cristobalite, na tridymite.
Pumice na-apụta mgbe magma acidic na-ebili n’elu wee banye na mberede na ikuku dị n’èzí. Ọfụfụ iko eke nwere / gas dị n’ime ya nwere ohere ịgbapụ na magma na-ajụ oyi na mberede, pumice na-adị n’ozuzu dị ka iberi ndị a na-apụ n’oge mgbawa ugwu mgbawa sitere na nha site na gravel ruo na nkume.
Pumice na-adịkarị ka agbaze ma ọ bụ mpụta mmiri, ihe na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ iberibe n’ime mgbawa ugwu.
A nwekwara ike ime Pumice site na kpo oku obsidian, nke mere na gas na-agbapụ. Igwe ọkụ a na-eme na obsidian sitere na Krakatoa, okpomọkụ achọrọ iji gbanwee obsidian ka ọ bụrụ pumice ruru 880oC. Nnukwu ike ndọda nke obsidian bụ nke mbụ 2.36 gbadara na 0.416 mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị, ya mere ọ na-ese n’elu mmiri. Nkume pọmice a nwere ihe eji eme ihe hydraulic.
Pumice bụ ọcha ruo isi awọ, odo na-acha ọbara ọbara, udidi vesicular nwere nha orifice, nke na-adịgasị iche n’ihe gbasara ibe ya ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị ihe arụrụ arụ nke nwere ihu ya gbadoro ụkwụ.
Mgbe ụfọdụ oghere na-ejupụta zeolite/calcite. Nkume a na-eguzogide ọgwụ igirigi (ntu oyi), ọ bụghị ya hygroscopic (mmiri na-aṅụ). Nwere obere okpomọkụ nnyefe Njirimara. Ike nrụgide n’etiti 30 – 20 kg / cm2. Isi ihe mejupụtara nke mineral silicate amorphous.
Dabere n’ụdị nhazi (deposition), nkesa nke urughuru nha (iberibe) na ihe sitere na mmalite, a na-ekewa nkwụnye ego pumice dị ka ndị a:
Mpaghara mpaghara
Sub-aqueous
Ọhụrụ ardant; Ya bụ nkwụnye ego kpụrụ site na mpụta ikuku nke ikuku dị na lava, na-ebute ngwakọta nke iberibe dị iche iche n’ụdị matriks.
Nsonaazụ nkwụnyeghachi (nkwanye ego)
Site na metamorphosis, ọ bụ naanị mpaghara nwere obere mgbawa ọkụ ga-enwe nkwụnye ego n’ụba. Afọ geological nke nkwụnye ego ndị a dị n’etiti Tertiary na ugbu a. Volcanoes ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike n’oge afọ mbara ala a gụnyere ọnụ ọnụ mmiri dị n’Oké Osimiri Pasifik na ụzọ si n’Oké Osimiri Mediterenian gaa Himalaya na e mesịakwa gaa n’Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ India.
Nkume ndị yiri nku ndị ọzọ bụ pumicite na ugwu mgbawa. Pumicite nwere otu ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ, mmalite mmalite na nhazi iko dị ka pumice. Ihe dị iche bụ naanị na urughuru nha, nke dị obere karịa 16 sentimita na dayameta. A na-ahụ Pumice dị nso n’ebe o si malite, ebe ikuku na-ebufe pumicite n’ebe dị anya, echekwara ya n’ụdị nchịkọta ntụ dị mma ma ọ bụ dị ka sedimenti tuff.
Iberibe mgbawa ugwu ahụ nwere nke na-acha ọbara ọbara ruo n’iberibe vesicular ojii, bụ́ ndị e debere n’oge mgbawa nke nkume basaltic sitere na mgbawa ugwu. A na-ahụ ọtụtụ n’ime ebe a na-edebe cinder dị ka iberibe ihe ndina conical sitere na 1 inch ruo ọtụtụ inch na dayameta.
Enwere ike nke Indonesian Pumice
Na Indonesia, ọnụnọ nke pumice na-ejikọta ya na usoro ugwu mgbawa nke Quaternary ruo Tertiary. Nkesa ya gụnyere mpaghara Serang na Sukabumi (West Java), agwaetiti Lombok (NTB) na agwaetiti Ternate (Maluku).
Enwere ike ịnweta ego nkwụnye ego nke nwere mkpa akụ na ụba yana nnukwu nchekwa dị n’àgwàetiti Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Ternate Island, Maluku. Ọnụ ego nchekwa a tụrụ na mpaghara ahụ bụ ihe karịrị nde tọn iri. Na mpaghara Lombok, a na-eme nrigbu nke pumice kemgbe afọ ise gara aga, ebe na Ternate a na-emegbu naanị na 1991.
Geology nke Indonesian Pumice
Pumice ma ọ bụ pumice bụ ụdị okwute na-acha ọkụ na agba, nwere ụfụfụ nke afụ nwere mgbidi nwere mgbidi, ma a na-akpọkarị ya dị ka iko ugwu mgbawa silicate.
A na-emepụta nkume ndị a site na magma acidic site n’omume mgbawa ugwu na-ebupụ ihe n’ime ikuku; wee banye n’ụzọ kwụ ọtọ ma gbakọta dị ka nkume pyroclastic.
Pumice nwere ihe ndị dị elu nke versicular, nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke mkpụrụ ndụ (ihe owuwu cellular) n’ihi mgbasawanye nke ụfụfụ gas nke dị n’ime ya, a na-ahụkarị ya dị ka ihe rụrụ arụ ma ọ bụ iberibe na mgbawa ugwu. Ọ bụ ezie na mineral ndị dị na pumice bụ feldspar, quartz, obsidian, cristobalite, na tridymite.
Pumice na-apụta mgbe magma acidic na-ebili n’elu wee banye na mberede na ikuku dị n’èzí. Ọfụfụ iko eke nwere / gas dị n’ime ya nwere ohere ịgbapụ na magma na-ajụ oyi na mberede, pumice na-adị n’ozuzu dị ka iberi ndị a na-apụ n’oge mgbawa ugwu mgbawa sitere na nha site na gravel ruo na nkume.
Pumice na-adịkarị ka agbaze ma ọ bụ mpụta mmiri, ihe na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ iberibe n’ime mgbawa ugwu.
A nwekwara ike ime Pumice site na kpo oku obsidian, nke mere na gas na-agbapụ. Igwe ọkụ a na-eme na obsidian sitere na Krakatoa, okpomọkụ achọrọ iji gbanwee obsidian ka ọ bụrụ pumice ruru 880oC. Nnukwu ike ndọda nke obsidian bụ nke mbụ 2.36 gbadara na 0.416 mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị, ya mere ọ na-ese n’elu mmiri. Nkume pọmice a nwere ihe eji eme ihe hydraulic.
Pumice bụ ọcha ruo isi awọ, odo na-acha ọbara ọbara, udidi vesicular nwere nha orifice, nke na-adịgasị iche n’ihe gbasara ibe ya ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị ihe arụrụ arụ nke nwere ihu ya gbadoro ụkwụ.
Mgbe ụfọdụ oghere na-ejupụta zeolite/calcite. Nkume a na-eguzogide ọgwụ igirigi (ntu oyi), ọ bụghị ya hygroscopic (mmiri na-aṅụ). Nwere obere okpomọkụ nnyefe Njirimara. Ike nrụgide n’etiti 30 – 20 kg / cm2. Isi ihe mejupụtara nke mineral silicate amorphous.
Dabere n’ụdị nhazi (deposition), nkesa nke urughuru nha (iberibe) na ihe sitere na mmalite, a na-ekewa nkwụnye ego pumice dị ka ndị a:
Mpaghara mpaghara
Sub-aqueous
Ọhụrụ ardant; Ya bụ nkwụnye ego kpụrụ site na mpụta ikuku nke ikuku dị na lava, na-ebute ngwakọta nke iberibe dị iche iche n’ụdị matriks.
Nsonaazụ nkwụnyeghachi (nkwanye ego)
Site na metamorphosis, ọ bụ naanị mpaghara nwere obere mgbawa ọkụ ga-enwe nkwụnye ego n’ụba. Afọ geological nke nkwụnye ego ndị a dị n’etiti Tertiary na ugbu a. Volcanoes ndị na-arụsi ọrụ ike n’oge afọ mbara ala a gụnyere ọnụ ọnụ mmiri dị n’Oké Osimiri Pasifik na ụzọ si n’Oké Osimiri Mediterenian gaa Himalaya na e mesịakwa gaa n’Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ India.
Nkume ndị yiri nku ndị ọzọ bụ pumicite na ugwu mgbawa. Pumicite nwere otu ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ, mmalite mmalite na nhazi iko dị ka pumice. Ihe dị iche bụ naanị na urughuru nha, nke dị obere karịa 16 sentimita na dayameta. A na-ahụ Pumice dị nso n’ebe o si malite, ebe ikuku na-ebufe pumicite n’ebe dị anya, echekwara ya n’ụdị nchịkọta ntụ dị mma ma ọ bụ dị ka sedimenti tuff.
Iberibe mgbawa ugwu ahụ nwere nke na-acha ọbara ọbara ruo n’iberibe vesicular ojii, bụ́ ndị e debere n’oge mgbawa nke nkume basaltic sitere na mgbawa ugwu. A na-ahụ ọtụtụ n’ime ebe a na-edebe cinder dị ka iberibe ihe ndina conical sitere na 1 inch ruo ọtụtụ inch na dayameta.
Enwere ike nke Indonesian Pumice
Na Indonesia, ọnụnọ nke pumice na-ejikọta ya na usoro ugwu mgbawa nke Quaternary ruo Tertiary. Nkesa ya gụnyere mpaghara Serang na Sukabumi (West Java), agwaetiti Lombok (NTB) na agwaetiti Ternate (Maluku).
Enwere ike ịnweta ego nkwụnye ego nke nwere mkpa akụ na ụba yana nnukwu nchekwa dị n’àgwàetiti Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Ternate Island, Maluku. Ọnụ ego nchekwa a tụrụ na mpaghara ahụ bụ ihe karịrị nde tọn iri. Na mpaghara Lombok, a na-eme nrigbu nke pumice kemgbe afọ ise gara aga, ebe na Ternate a na-emegbu naanị na 1991.